The border between the perirhinal cortex (PER) and insular cortex (Ins) coincides with the disappearance of the claustrum, a structure that underlies the insular cortex. This structure is absent at the level of the perirhinal cortex. The insular cortex has a clearly laminated appearance because layers II and III and layer VI appear darker with a lighter layer V in between. Layer V of the insular cortex is sandwiched between cell sparse layers, a feature not seen in PER. The insular cortex has a more or less well defined granular cell layer IV which is more conspicuous at more dorsal portions, whereas in the perirhinal cortex only area 36 (PER36) shows layer IV. In the insular cortex, layers V and VI can be easily differentiated from each other and they are of approximate similar thickness, both features are not obvious in either perirhinal areas 35 or 36. No apparent changes are present between PER and the insular cortex in staining patterns for parvalbumin and calbindin.
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